Which statement did the authors make about leadership?

• A. There are many average leaders
• B. There are only bad leaders
• C. There are no bad leaders
• D. Leaders are always right

Answer: (B)

An absolutist view of leadership is being tested here. The authors put forward a stark position: there are only bad leaders. This kind of claim challenges readers to confront the idea that leadership flaws are universal and persistent, inviting reflection on why leadership can fall short and how systems, practices, or accountability mechanisms might be needed to prevent harm or poor outcomes. It’s the best fit because it makes a totalizing negative judgment about leadership, which is the statement the authors are conveying.

The other options present more moderate or extreme positions that are less likely to reflect what the authors are arguing. Saying there are many average leaders suggests a middle-ground view that doesn’t align with an all-encompassing negative claim. Saying there are no bad leaders would be an overly optimistic stance inconsistent with discussions that emphasize failures and learning. Saying leaders are always right asserts an impossible certainty that contradicts common experience of mistakes and the need for ongoing evaluation and adjustment.